A wide-angle view of an automated In-Circuit Testing (ICT) machine in action, with a 'bed of nails' fixture testing a complex Printed Circuit Board in a modern factory.

What Is In-Circuit Testing (ICT)? A Complete Guide for Professionals

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In the world of electronics manufacturing, reliability is not just a feature—it’s the foundation. From complex industrial controllers to the everyday devices in our homes, the performance of a product hinges on the integrity of its Printed Circuit Board (PCB). But how can you guarantee that every single component on a board is correctly placed, connected, and valued before it ships? This is the central question that leads us to a critical manufacturing process. So, what is in circuit testing? In-circuit testing (ICT) is a vital aspect of this process.

In simple terms, in-circuit testing is an automated test that verifies the electrical connections and the individual components of a populated PCB. It’s a powerful quality control method that checks for manufacturing defects immediately after assembly, ensuring each board meets its exact design specifications. This guide provides a complete overview of ICT, its procedures, and its indispensable role in modern electronics production.


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